Liquidambar styraciflua, commonly known as Sweetgum, is a large, deciduous native tree found in bottomland forests, moist woodlands, and along streams in southern Illinois and other parts of the southeastern United States. It thrives in moist, well-drained soils and full sun to partial, and is often used as a shade or ornamental tree in parks and large landscapes.
This stately tree typically grows 50 to 90 feet tall and is easily recognized by its star-shaped, glossy green leaves, which turn vibrant shades of yellow, orange, red, and purple in the fall—often all on the same tree. Sweetgum also produces hard, spiky, ball-like seed pods (often called "gumballs") that persist through winter and are a notable feature of the tree.
For Illinois native plant enthusiasts, Liquidambar styraciflua is a visually striking tree that provides excellent fall color and valuable wildlife habitat. Its seeds are eaten by birds and small mammals, and the tree supports various insect species. However, its spiky fruit can be considered a nuisance in high-traffic areas. It pairs well in naturalized settings with other bottomland natives such as Sycamore, Bald Cypress, and Swamp White Oak.
Liquidambar styraciflua, commonly known as Sweetgum, is a large, deciduous native tree found in bottomland forests, moist woodlands, and along streams in southern Illinois and other parts of the southeastern United States. It thrives in moist, well-drained soils and full sun to partial, and is often used as a shade or ornamental tree in parks and large landscapes.
This stately tree typically grows 50 to 90 feet tall and is easily recognized by its star-shaped, glossy green leaves, which turn vibrant shades of yellow, orange, red, and purple in the fall—often all on the same tree. Sweetgum also produces hard, spiky, ball-like seed pods (often called "gumballs") that persist through winter and are a notable feature of the tree.
For Illinois native plant enthusiasts, Liquidambar styraciflua is a visually striking tree that provides excellent fall color and valuable wildlife habitat. Its seeds are eaten by birds and small mammals, and the tree supports various insect species. However, its spiky fruit can be considered a nuisance in high-traffic areas. It pairs well in naturalized settings with other bottomland natives such as Sycamore, Bald Cypress, and Swamp White Oak.
Bloom: mid- to late spring
Habitats: abandoned fields; bottomland woodlands; depressions in upland woodlands; drier areas of swamps; riverbanks; shaded gravelly seeps
Lifespan: perennial
Moisture: moist
Plant type (height): tree (60 to 90 feet)
Requirements: full sun to partial sun
Soil: fertile soil containing clay-loam or loam
