Attracts bees, butterflies, and skippers, including Monarchs during migration.
Its seeds feed songbirds, and its strong stems provide structure for overwintering insects and shelter for small wildlife.
Highly resilient once established—drought-tolerant, deer-resistant, and long-lived.
Attracts bees, butterflies, and skippers, including Monarchs during migration.
Its seeds feed songbirds, and its strong stems provide structure for overwintering insects and shelter for small wildlife.
Highly resilient once established—drought-tolerant, deer-resistant, and long-lived.
Bloom: late summer to early fall
Habitats: areas along railroads; edges of lakes; limestone glades; moist to mesic black soil prairies; openings and edges of woodlands; overgrazed pastures; seeps; swamps; vacant lots
Lifespan: perennial
Moisture: moist to mesic
Plant type (height): forb (3 to 6 feet)
Requirements: full sun to partial sun
Soil: clay-loam; fertile loam; somewhat gritty texture from exposed glacial till and gravel
