Wild Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis)

 Seed Collection Time:

Late spring to early summer — typically June through July.

Signs seeds are ready:

• After blooming, the plant produces upright, five-parted seed pods (follicles).

• As the pods mature, they turn brown and dry and begin to split open from the top.

• Inside are numerous small, shiny black seeds.

• If the pods rattle when shaken, the seeds are fully mature.

Seed collection steps:

1. Harvest pods just before or as they start to split open.

2. Place them in a paper bag or tray and let them dry for a few days indoors.

3. Shake or crush the pods gently to release the seeds.

4. Store in a cool, dry place, or refrigerate for stratification.

Germination tip:

• Requires cold-moist stratification for 30–60 days, though some fresh seeds may germinate without it.

• C(30–60): Refrigerate in moist medium or sow in fall for natural stratification.

• Seeds may also benefit from light exposure during germination — sow on the surface or barely cover.